Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and antiviral agent. Inhibits LPS-induced iNOS expression via inhibition of IκBα phosphorylation and p65 nuclear translocation (IC50 = 10 nM). Inhibits HIV-1 replication in vitro. Also potently inhibits MKK1 (IC50 = 0.5 nM) and provides neuroprotection by binding to kainate receptors.