Functionally selective muscarinic M1 receptor agonist (EC50 values are 0.3, 5, 42, 52 and 92.5 nM at M1, M3, M5, M4 and M2 receptors respectively). Displays a complex pharmacological profile; reversible and wash-resistant binding resulting in full agonist activity at M1, delayed wash-resistant partial agonist activity at M2 and delayed wash-resistant full agonist activity at M4. Exhibits antipsychotic activity, and improves cognitive deficits and behavioral disturbances in Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia.